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:''"Arboreal" redirects here. For a definition of the word "arboreal", see the Wiktionary entry arboreal. For the album by The Flashbulb, see Arboreal (album).Arboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some animals may only scale trees occasionally, while others are exclusively arboreal. These habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving through them, leading to a variety of anatomical, behavioral and ecological consequences as well as variations throughout different species.Cartmill, M. (1985). Climbing. In ''Functional Vertebrate Morphology'', eds. M. Hildebrand D. M. Bramble K. F. Liem and D. B. Wake), pp. 73–88. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Furthermore, many of these same principles may be applied to climbing without trees, such as on rock piles or mountains.The earliest known tetrapod with specializations that adapted it for climbing trees, was ''Suminia'', a synapsid of the late Permian, about 260 million years ago.Jörg Fröbisch and Robert R. Reisz (2009). "The Late Permian herbivore ''Suminia'' and the early evolution of arboreality in terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems." ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', Online First Some invertebrate animals are exclusively arboreal in habitat, for example, see tree snail.==Biomechanics==Arboreal habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving in them, which have been solved in diverse ways. These challenges include moving on narrow branches, moving up and down inclines, balancing, crossing gaps, and dealing with obstructions.
:''"Arboreal" redirects here. For a definition of the word "arboreal", see the Wiktionary entry arboreal. For the album by The Flashbulb, see Arboreal (album).
Arboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some animals may only scale trees occasionally, while others are exclusively arboreal. These habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving through them, leading to a variety of anatomical, behavioral and ecological consequences as well as variations throughout different species.〔Cartmill, M. (1985). Climbing. In ''Functional Vertebrate Morphology'', eds. M. Hildebrand D. M. Bramble K. F. Liem and D. B. Wake), pp. 73–88. Cambridge: Belknap Press.〕 Furthermore, many of these same principles may be applied to climbing without trees, such as on rock piles or mountains.
The earliest known tetrapod with specializations that adapted it for climbing trees, was ''Suminia'', a synapsid of the late Permian, about 260 million years ago.〔Jörg Fröbisch and Robert R. Reisz (2009). "The Late Permian herbivore ''Suminia'' and the early evolution of arboreality in terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems." ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', Online First 〕
Some invertebrate animals are exclusively arboreal in habitat, for example, see tree snail.
==Biomechanics==
Arboreal habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving in them, which have been solved in diverse ways. These challenges include moving on narrow branches, moving up and down inclines, balancing, crossing gaps, and dealing with obstructions.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 Arboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some animals may only scale trees occasionally, while others are exclusively arboreal. These habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving through them, leading to a variety of anatomical, behavioral and ecological consequences as well as variations throughout different species.Cartmill, M. (1985). Climbing. In ''Functional Vertebrate Morphology'', eds. M. Hildebrand D. M. Bramble K. F. Liem and D. B. Wake), pp. 73–88. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Furthermore, many of these same principles may be applied to climbing without trees, such as on rock piles or mountains.The earliest known tetrapod with specializations that adapted it for climbing trees, was ''Suminia'', a synapsid of the late Permian, about 260 million years ago.Jörg Fröbisch and Robert R. Reisz (2009). "The Late Permian herbivore ''Suminia'' and the early evolution of arboreality in terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems." ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', Online First Some invertebrate animals are exclusively arboreal in habitat, for example, see tree snail.==Biomechanics==Arboreal habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving in them, which have been solved in diverse ways. These challenges include moving on narrow branches, moving up and down inclines, balancing, crossing gaps, and dealing with obstructions.">ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■Arboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some animals may only scale trees occasionally, while others are exclusively arboreal. These habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving through them, leading to a variety of anatomical, behavioral and ecological consequences as well as variations throughout different species.Cartmill, M. (1985). Climbing. In ''Functional Vertebrate Morphology'', eds. M. Hildebrand D. M. Bramble K. F. Liem and D. B. Wake), pp. 73–88. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Furthermore, many of these same principles may be applied to climbing without trees, such as on rock piles or mountains.The earliest known tetrapod with specializations that adapted it for climbing trees, was ''Suminia'', a synapsid of the late Permian, about 260 million years ago.Jörg Fröbisch and Robert R. Reisz (2009). "The Late Permian herbivore ''Suminia'' and the early evolution of arboreality in terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems." ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', Online First Some invertebrate animals are exclusively arboreal in habitat, for example, see tree snail.==Biomechanics==Arboreal habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving in them, which have been solved in diverse ways. These challenges include moving on narrow branches, moving up and down inclines, balancing, crossing gaps, and dealing with obstructions.">ウィキペディアで「:''"Arboreal" redirects here. For a definition of the word "arboreal", see the Wiktionary entry arboreal. For the album by The Flashbulb, see Arboreal (album).Arboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some animals may only scale trees occasionally, while others are exclusively arboreal. These habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving through them, leading to a variety of anatomical, behavioral and ecological consequences as well as variations throughout different species.Cartmill, M. (1985). Climbing. In ''Functional Vertebrate Morphology'', eds. M. Hildebrand D. M. Bramble K. F. Liem and D. B. Wake), pp. 73–88. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Furthermore, many of these same principles may be applied to climbing without trees, such as on rock piles or mountains.The earliest known tetrapod with specializations that adapted it for climbing trees, was ''Suminia'', a synapsid of the late Permian, about 260 million years ago.Jörg Fröbisch and Robert R. Reisz (2009). "The Late Permian herbivore ''Suminia'' and the early evolution of arboreality in terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems." ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', Online First Some invertebrate animals are exclusively arboreal in habitat, for example, see tree snail.==Biomechanics==Arboreal habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving in them, which have been solved in diverse ways. These challenges include moving on narrow branches, moving up and down inclines, balancing, crossing gaps, and dealing with obstructions.」の詳細全文を読む
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